Omar bin khattab biography caliph umar
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Umar Ibn Khattab Biography
Umar Ibn Khattab was a different leader from his predecessor, Abu Bakr, who served as the first caliph of the Rightly Guided Caliphsor Rashidun Caliphate. A significantly younger man, born in 585 in Mecca, he was the initial choice of the Council of Medina to replace the Prophet Muhammad as the caliphof Islam in 632. In the end, as elders command respect in Islam, Umar convinced the council to elect the more senior Abu Bakr.
Caliph
Derived from the Arabic for 'follower', this was the name given to leaders of Islam after the death of the Prophet Muhammad.
While Abu Bakr was a calming influence, humble, taking a small salary and keeping his day job of milking cows, Umar was an intimidating man. A warrior with a reputation for a short temper, he was also a heavy drinker of alcohol before his conversion to Islam in 615.
Fig. 1 - Engraving of Umar entering Jerusalem
Umar Ibn Khattab failed to agree with the ideas of the Prophet initially. He was in the Adi clan, part of the Quraysh tribe that dominated Mecca, but became a key player in Islam after he converted. Khattab accompanied Muhammad on his 'hijira' to Medina to avoid persecution. Just as he had done with Abu Bakr, the Prophet married Umar's daughter Hafsah in 625. Thi
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Al Religion
Period salary Khilafat: 634-644 AD
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Umar
2nd Rashidun caliph from 634 to 644
"Omar" redirects here. For other people with the name, see Omar (name). For other uses, see Omar (disambiguation).
Umar ibn al-Khattab[a] (Arabic: عُمَر بْن ٱلْخَطَّاب, romanized: ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; c. 582/583 – 644), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634, when he succeeded Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as the second caliph, until his assassination in 644. Umar was a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Umar has been called instrumental in the expansion of the Islamic world beyond Arabia.
Umar initially opposed Muhammad, who was his distant Qurayshite kinsman and later became his son-in-law. However, after his conversion to Islam in 616, Umar became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. He participated in nearly all the battles and expeditions under Muhammad, who bestowed upon him the title al-Fārūq for his sound judgments. Following Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as the first caliph and served as his closest adviser. In August 634, the dying Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor.
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering the Sasanian Emp