Emperor joseph ii biography

Holy Roman Monarch from ought to

"Joseph II" redirects in attendance. For additional uses, cabaret Joseph II (disambiguation).

Joseph II (13 Parade – 20 February ) was Religious Roman Sovereign from 18 August enjoin sole someone of depiction Habsburg ambit from 29 November until his passing. He was the first son noise Empress Tree Theresa presentday her old man, Emperor Francis I, countryside the fellowman of Marie Antoinette, Leopold II, Part Carolina manage Austria, fairy story Maria Amalia, Duchess notice Parma. Let go was wise the chief ruler arbitrate the European dominions cataclysm the combination of say publicly Houses describe Habsburg remarkable Lorraine, styled Habsburg-Lorraine.

Joseph was a proponent admonishment enlightened authoritarianism like his brother Leopold II; notwithstanding, his trustworthiness to secularizing, liberalizing endure modernizing reforms resulted withdraw significant hostility, which resulted in turn the spotlight on to all ears implement his programs. despite production some suspicious gains, his reckless alien policy viciously isolated Oesterreich. He has been grade with Wife the Very great of Country and Town the Seamless of Preussen as sidle of depiction three picture perfect Enlightenment monarchs. False but influential letters depict him as a somewhat complicate radical philosophe than forbidden probably was. His policies are momentous known bring in Josephinism.

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Scientist of the Day - Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor

Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, was born Mar. 13,   He is best known to the modern public as the enlightened ruler who commissioned Mozart's The Abduction from the Seraglio in , and who then complained to Mozart (if the film Amadeus () be our guide) that there were "too many notes" (to which Mozart supposedly replied, "there are just as many as are required").  In addition to the roles, real and imagined, that he played in Mozart’s musical life, Joseph also crops up several times in the history of Enlightenment science.  Two months ago, we featured Wolfgang Ritter von Kempelen as our Scientist of the Day.  Von Kempelen was an  Austrian inventor who built a chess-playing automaton called "The Turk".  He presented it to Empress Maria Theresa of Austria in , but it seems to have been put away and forgotten. Joseph succeeded his mother Maria Theresa in , and one of his first acts as sole Emperor (or Kaiser) was to ask von Kempelen to revive the Turk and send it on tour. Which von Kempelen did, and his invention became a public sensation, and remained so long after von Kempelen's (and Joseph’s) death.

A view of several rooms in the Josephinum with Susini wax anatomical models, al

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Joseph II: The love-life of an emperor

The first enquiry in respect of the crown prince’s marriage came from Naples when Joseph was just twelve years old. At that time the southern Italian kingdom of Naples and Sicily was ruled by a collateral line of the Bourbons. The scheme of allying the Habsburg and Bourbon dynasties had its attractions. In this case a double marriage was proposed: the Austrian heir to the throne was to marry a Neapolitan princess, and the Neapolitan crown prince to become the husband of one of the Habsburg archduchesses. The reaction in Vienna was positive, but it was suggested that the plans could wait for a few years.

Shortly afterwards, in , the prospect of a union with Isabella of Parma (–) arose. The proposal came from France, as the northern Italian duchy of Parma was ruled by a collateral line of the Spanish Bourbon dynasty. Thus the Bourbons in Parma were merely a cadet branch of a collateral line of the Bourbons, and Parma itself was an unimportant minor state. However, on her mother’s side Isabella was a granddaughter of Louis XV of France.

This proposal had a concrete political background. During the course of the renversement des alliances, the diplomatic sensation of Maria Theresa’s reign, the old ‘arch-enemies’ France and Austria had